Glass Armonica

Franklin's spinning bowls: wet skin, stick–slip friction and the shell's wine-glass modes
MIDI off audio off

Bowl A4, looking along the spindle

The rim's vibration (all families, n = 2…6) in slow motion, hugely exaggerated. The finger holds a radial node under it; the dots are the irregularity's axes, which the turning glass carries past the finger.

Under the finger

Slip speed of the glass under the skin over the last 21 ms. Flat on zero = stuck: once the bowl speaks, the skin sticks and slips once per cycle.

Spectrum

live output · markers: the bowl's shell modes, n = 2 … 6

Spectrogram

live output · ticks: the spectrum's markers
A bowl needs a moment to speak: its line grows in after the finger lands, warbles at the treadle's rate, and keeps ringing after the finger lifts.

The (2,0) doublet, zoomed

Dashed: the two members in the bowl's frame (split by its irregularity). Solid: where a free, spinning bowl rings in the room (Bryan precession ± the pattern's rotation).

Shell modes of A4

Bowl and finger